Biomass is renewable energy from plant and animal biomass. It generates heat, electricity, and transportation fuels, making it versatile and significant.
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Biomass is an endlessly renewable energy source. Plants and trees can be grown for energy production, as can agricultural waste, forestry residues, and other organic materials. Biomass can minimise fossil fuel use and provide a more sustainable energy system.
Biomass is also versatile. It can be burned for space heating or industrial activities. Combustion converts biomass into power or fuels like ethanol and biodiesel.
Biomass heat production is common. Wood pellets can be used in a cooker or boiler to heat homes and businesses. Biomass heats numerous industrial processes including drying and curing.
Biomass also generates electricity. A power plant burns biomass to generate steam, which powers a turbine. This is biomass combustion, a common biomass-to-electricity process.
Biomass can generate heat, power, and transportation fuels. Ethanol is a biomass-based biofuel. Vegetable or animal fats are used to make biodiesel.
Biomass can minimise our reliance on fossil fuels and is renewable. Ethanol and biodiesel are also cleaner transportation fuels than gasoline and diesel.
Biomass has environmental benefits. Biomass energy generation reduces landfill trash and greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil fuels. Agroforestry and perennial crops can boost soil health and biodiversity.
Biomass energy has downsides. Biomass generation can compete with food production for land and water, causing social and environmental harm. Biomass combustion releases air pollutants such particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, which can harm humans and the environment.
Biomass is a significant renewable energy source for heat, power, and transportation fuels. Biomass has inherent limitations, but sustainable management can maximise its benefits and reduce its drawbacks.