The Health for One Million (HOM) program was launched in 1986 by the Government of India as a part of the National Rural Health Mission.
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The program aimed to provide comprehensive health care services to the rural population, especially those residing in remote and inaccessible areas. The program was implemented through a network of Primary Health Centers (PHCs), sub-centers, and community health workers, known as Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs).
Structure: The HOM program was structured around a decentralized health care delivery system, where the responsibility of providing health care services was delegated to the local communities. The program focused on strengthening the capacity of health care workers at the grassroots level to provide quality health care services to the rural population. The program also emphasized the need for community participation in the planning, implementation, and monitoring of health care services.
Functioning: The HOM program provided a wide range of health care services, including preventive, promotive, and curative health care services. The program aimed to reduce the burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases by providing health education, immunization, maternal and child health care, family planning, and treatment for common illnesses. The program also provided essential medicines, diagnostic facilities, and referral services to the rural population.
Contribution: The HOM program made significant contributions to the improvement of health care services in rural areas. The program increased access to health care services, especially for the marginalized and vulnerable sections of society. The program helped to reduce the burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, and maternal and child mortality rates in rural areas. The program also helped to increase the awareness and knowledge of health-related issues among the rural population. The program was successful in mobilizing the community to actively participate in the planning, implementation, and monitoring of health care services.
Overall, the HOM program was an important initiative in the field of rural health care. The program helped to improve the health and well-being of the rural population and demonstrated the importance of community participation in the delivery of health care services. However, there were challenges in the implementation of the program, including inadequate funding, shortage of health care workers, and poor infrastructure.