Planning is the process of setting goals, developing strategies, and creating a roadmap for achieving those goals.
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It involves the identification of resources needed, the allocation of resources, and the development of a timeline for implementation.
In India, the evolution and development of planning can be traced back to the early 20th century when the British government set up the Royal Commission on Agriculture in 1926. The commission recommended the establishment of an Agricultural Planning Committee to coordinate agricultural planning and development in India.
After India gained independence in 1947, the Planning Commission was established in 1950 under the chairmanship of Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s first Prime Minister. The Planning Commission was responsible for formulating five-year plans for economic development and social welfare in India.
The Planning Commission played a crucial role in the development of India’s economy in the post-independence period. The first five-year plan (1951-1956) focused on the development of agriculture and industry, and the creation of infrastructure such as dams, power plants, and railways.
Over the years, the planning process in India evolved to include the participation of the public and private sectors, and various stakeholders such as civil society organizations, academia, and international organizations. The role of the Planning Commission also evolved, with a greater emphasis on decentralization and the involvement of states and local governments in planning and implementation.
In 2014, the Planning Commission was abolished and replaced with the NITI Aayog (National Institution for Transforming India), which functions as a think tank and policy-making body. The NITI Aayog has a broader mandate than the Planning Commission and is responsible for formulating national policies and strategies for economic and social development.
In conclusion, planning has played a significant role in the development of India’s economy and society since independence. The evolution of planning in India has been marked by the establishment of the Planning Commission, the participation of various stakeholders, and a greater emphasis on decentralization and involvement of states and local governments. The establishment of the NITI Aayog has marked a new phase in India’s planning experience.