Sampling refers to the process of selecting a subset of individuals or units from a larger population for the purpose of conducting research.
GET PDF of fully solved assignment MRD-004 or any other by click above. You can order any subject ignou solved assignments pdf, ignou handwritten assignments pdf or ignou Handwritten Assignments hard copy from above link.
Social research often involves studying human populations, and sampling is a critical aspect of ensuring that research findings are representative of the population of interest. There are several methods of sampling in social research, including:
- Simple random sampling: In this method, each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the study. This is done by assigning each member a number and using a random number generator or a table of random numbers to select a sample.
- Stratified random sampling: This method involves dividing the population into subgroups, or strata, based on relevant characteristics, such as age, gender, or socio-economic status. A sample is then selected from each stratum using simple random sampling.
- Cluster sampling: In this method, the population is divided into clusters or groups, such as neighborhoods or schools, and a random sample of clusters is selected. All individuals in the selected clusters are then included in the study.
- Systematic sampling: This method involves selecting individuals from the population at fixed intervals. For example, every 10th person on a list of members of a community organization might be selected for the study.
- Convenience sampling: This method involves selecting individuals who are easily accessible or available to participate in the study. This can include individuals who are recruited from a public space, such as a park or a shopping mall, or who are members of a group or organization that is easily accessible.
- Snowball sampling: This method involves selecting individuals who are known to the researcher, and then asking them to identify others who may be interested in participating in the study. This is often used in research where the population is difficult to access or is stigmatized.
In summary, the methods of sampling in social research include simple random sampling, stratified random sampling, cluster sampling, systematic sampling, convenience sampling, and snowball sampling. The choice of sampling method depends on the research question, the characteristics of the population, and the resources available for the study.