In pursuit of economic, social, and cultural advancement, human civilisation has altered the environment. Overexploitation and environmental degradation have caused climate change, water shortages, and biodiversity loss.
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To address these issues, governments worldwide have enacted environmental and sustainable development laws.
Several nations have water legislation to manage and safeguard water resources. These laws concern water contamination, shortage, and allocation. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, in India regulates water pollution and protects water quality. The legislation controls water contamination and establishes discharge regulations.
The 2012 National Water Policy seeks to preserve India’s water resources. The strategy stresses water conservation and integrated water management. It emphasises water governance and stakeholder participation.
The Water Act 2007 in Australia improved water resource management and sustainable usage. The statute establishes a nationwide water market for water trade and distributes water rights. It also requires regional water management plans and provides rules for them.
The US Clean Water Act, 1972, protects water resources and quality. The legislation governs water quality and pollution discharge. The NPDES regulates point-source pollution and protects wetlands.
National water acts safeguard the environment and promote sustainable development. They outline sustainable water usage and management. These laws work best when implemented and enforced. To conserve and maintain water resources, effective water governance and stakeholder participation are needed.