As you know that the Western Ghats are one of the world’s eight biodiversity hotspots & a high biodiversity value location.
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So, here i give you some of the main characteristics of the Western Ghats that make it a biodiversity hotspot:
High species diversity
Western Ghats are the home to a diverse variety of plant & the animal species, many of which are the endemic to area. The Western Ghats are thought to be the home to over 7,400 vegetation species, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species, 179 amphibian species, & the 290 freshwater fish species. This great species diversity is due to the region’s varied topography, climatic conditions, & habitats.
Endemism
Some of the Western Ghats are a hotspot for the endemic species, which means that many of the species found here are found nowhere else in globe. It is estimated that 33% of the plant species, 16% of the mammal species, and 50% of the freshwater fish species in the Western Ghats are endemic to the area.
Unique habitats
In the today’s world the Western Ghats are the home to a variety of the unique ecosystems, including some tropical rainforests, evergreen forests, grasslands, & the marshes. These ecosystems support a diverse variety of species & add to the region’s high biodiversity value.
Threatened species
I hope you know that the Western Ghats are the home to a number of the vulnerable species, including the Indian elephant, Indian tiger, Indian rhinoceros, & numerous endemic bird & amphibian species. These species are endangered by habitat loss, fragmentation, & the degradation caused by human activities such as the deforestation, farmland, & the infrastructure development.
Cultural significance
Let me tell you that the Western Ghats are the home to many of the indigenous groups who have a strong cultural and spiritual connection to the region’s biodiversity. These communities have evolved traditional knowledge & the practises for sustainable use & the conservation of natural resources.
In the summary, the Western Ghats are the biodiversity hotspot due to their high species variety, endemism, unique ecosystems, threatened species, & the cultural importance. The conservation of this area is important for preserving its biodiversity & the ecosystem services, as well as the cultural and spiritual heritage of local communities.